10 facts: Gut-brain impact on sleep-wake cycle 😴

1. The gut is known as the “second brain” as there is a 2 way connection between the brain and the gut via the vagus nerve. The gut microbiome produces neurotransmitters that can travel and send signals through the nervous system, affecting our mood, behaviour, emotions, and sleep. The gut and brain also send signals through hormonal pathways and the immune system.Therefore, the gut-brain axis plays a crucial role in overall well-being, and any disruption to this axis can lead to issues such as disturbances in gut health, neurological disorders, inflammation, and sleep disturbances.

2. Through the gut-brain axis, there is a mutual continuous communication between the brain and the gut. The gut microbiome produces a considerable amount of neurotransmitters and hormones like melatonin, which influence the circadian rhythm and mood. Both the sleep cycle and gut microbiota are influenced by factors like daylight, stress and diet. Hence, if there is unhealthy gut microbiome, there will be disruption in the sleep-wake cycle, while poor sleep will lead to disturbances in the gut microbiota.

Gut microbes

3. Inflammation: Poor sleep can cause disturbances in gut health, which will lead to a pro-inflammatory state in the body. The gut microbiome composition and diversity are disrupted, creating an imbalance. Gut health issues like irritable bowel disorders, leaky gut, and hormonal issues can worsen in the body. Lack of sleep can also affect gut permeability and lead to nutritional absorption interference. Not only gut health, but poor sleep can also affect the metabolic pathways, immune state and neural pathways.

Gut microbiota

4. Research has shown that through the gut-brain axis, there is a bidirectional communication between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system. Beneficial bacteria like Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, which increase serotonin and gamma-aminobutyric acid production, help in the quality and lengthening of sleep. On the other hand, lack of sleep can lead to a reduction of beneficial bacterial flora, an imbalance in the microbiota, which includes probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics.

5. Studies have revealed that sleep, a natural physiological process, is important in maintaining a healthy gut microbiota and vice versa. Poor sleep patterns, insomnia, and sleep deprivation not only influence the emotional and cognitive well-being but also cause an imbalance in gut bacteria and gut flora. Therefore, there is a direct connection between sleep disorders and gut health, and resolving gut issues has a therapeutic effect.

6. The equilibrium of the sleep-wake cycle with the well-being of gut microbiota is very delicate and needs to be maintained by external factors. The balance can be easily disturbed by factors like stress, poor diet, lack of exercise, and poor sleep habits. Studies have shown that this reciprocal correlation shows sleep as the primary modulator between gut health issues and sleep length and quality.

7. Growing research has shown that the gut-brain axis plays a crucial role both directly and indirectly in the shift of composition of gut-microbiota with the development of sleep disorders like insomnia, sleep fragmentation, sleep deprivation and sleep apnea. Human studies have shown that 60-70% of the composition of gut microbiota depends on the oscillatory rhythm of the circadian rhythm.

8. Though Melatonin, a sleep hormone, is known to be produced by the pineal gland, it is actually the gut which is the primary source of it. This hormone is integral in modulating the sleep-wake cycle, immune-regulatory effect and antioxidant activity. The gut microbiota produces melatonin from tryptophan. This hormone has a favourable effect on microbial population and gut barrier functions. Therefore, any imbalance of gut microbiota directly influences melatonin production and disrupts the circadian rhythm.

9. Evidence from several studies has shown that a significant level of melatonin has been produced by bacteria in the intestinal flora, has a beneficial impact on intestinal barrier functions and a preventive effect in the human brain against neurodegenerative diseases like Multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been linked to the development of sleep disorders, autoimmune diseases, metabolic diseases like type 2 diabetes, pro inflammatory responses and neurological disorders.

10. Therefore, there is enough evidence to show that consequences in digestive health have a direct impact on the sleep-wake cycle and vice versa. Research has clearly shown that sleep deprivation can directly impact digestive disorders like gastric esophageal reflux, irritable bowel disorders and many gut health issues. Maintaining a consistent sleep schedule of 7-8 hours can help greatly in reducing the potential risk of many diseases as well as in maintaining a sound gut health. Not to forget that stress management is equally important for maintaining the equilibrium of gut health and sleep patterns. So, an early fiber rich dinner, less screen time, routine exercise, meditation and early sleep habits are essential components to maintain this balance.

Thanks for reading.

Peace and love 🙏

Silent Sunday 💚

Peace and love 🙏

Dealing with emotional thoughts: A perspective 🙌

Emotions are subjective yet universal among all humans. They significantly influence our daily lives, decision-making, behavior, relationships, psychological states, and physical health.

Our emotional thoughts arise from emotional reasoning in response to situations, people around us, events, and past experiences. Emotional responses trigger our thoughts, feelings, actions and behaviors in reaction to external events, situations, or circumstances. Thus, emotions play a crucial role in our everyday lives and the decisions, we make.

Research states that all things in the Universe are made of energy which has a vibrational frequency. Emotions too, have amplitude and frequencies. Positive emotions like peace, love, and joy are found to have higher frequencies as compared to negative emotions like anger, fear, guilt, and sadness. According to the frequency chart, emotions like guilt, and shame have as low a frequency of 30-20 Hz to emotions like love, peace have as high as 500-600 Hz. Studies often link low frequency to disease state, depression and stress. Negative thoughts and feelings can often create a low vibrational frequency state which can create anxiety, and stress and affect our physical health.

Studies have consistently shown that negative emotional thoughts and feelings can significantly affect our physical health and overall well-being. The importance of the mind-body connection and the gut-brain connection highlights how our physical body responds to our thoughts, feelings, and mental state.

While unwanted changes, negative experiences, and challenging situations are a part of life, learning to manage our emotional state and well-being is a significant challenge—but it is certainly not impossible. Events such as:

Death of a loved one

Suffering from an illness

Getting laid off from a job

Divorced

Getting married, having a baby

Financial issues

Dealing with a pandemic or war-like situations

Cheating partners

Domestic violence

Physical health often suffers when emotional health is struggling. During times of emotional crisis, many individuals may seek an escape through unhealthy coping mechanisms such as alcohol abuse, drug abuse, or binge eating, attempting to suppress their emotional turmoil. Unfortunately, this approach does not lead to healing and can result in disastrous consequences. The list of physical impacts and symptoms experienced in a state of emotional stress is extensive.

Physical symtoms frequently seen as:

Palpitation

Chest pain

Back pain, neck stiffness

Fatigue , tiredness

Poor sleep, insomnia

High blood pressure

weight loss / obesity

Stomach upset like bloating, acidity

Physical signs of our mental state can often be quite apparent. Additionally, there are mental symptoms that we or those around us may observe, even if we attempt to deny them. Here are several such signs:

*Resisting to acknowledge the thoughts instead of accepting

*Not self-realising and accepting the present situation

*Trying to control the situation or the people around

*Suppressing emotional thoughts and feelings instead of expressing

*Living in blame

*Focussing on lacks

*Forgetting gratitude

Dealing with emotional thoughts is not easy. It’s important to remember that while I cannot control external events or situations, I can influence my own mental state to cope and adapt positively. Here are five simple tools that can help bring about a positive shift in the mental state:

1.Self-Responsibility: Recognizing and taking responsibility for our mental state is crucial. Often, we create more pain and hurt from emotional thoughts and feelings by overthinking and getting caught in repetitive loops, rather than addressing the actual situation. It’s important to remember that 95 to 98 percent of our worries are self-created rather than based on reality. Only about 2 to 3 percent of our concerns are truly justified. Therefore, it’s essential to become aware of and take responsibility for our mental state, as this is the first step towards creating positive change.

2. Let go of control: We have to understand that we cannot control everything that happens in our lives. We have to let go and trust the Divine and timings of life. Letting go is important to heal and restore balance.

3.Journaling and practicing gratitude: Daily journaling can release deep thoughts that might otherwise feel heavy and hurtful. Practicing gratitude and maintaining a thankful mindset can elevate our vibrational frequency and promote healing.

4. Healing the Sacral Plexus Chakra: According to Yogic science, the sacral chakra is responsible for maintaining emotional balance, creativity, and a sense of vitality. To heal this chakra, engaging in yoga and physical activities such as dancing, swimming, and savoring life’s simple pleasures— like playing with a child, listening to birds chirping, or enjoying the sound of flowing water—can help release blockages.

5. Daily Affirmations: Choosing words and phrases that align with your life goals, such as mantras or sacred verses, can significantly enhance your positivity and resilience. Reciting these affirmations each morning can set a positive tone for the day. Some powerful examples include: “I trust the Universe,” “I am strong and powerful,” and “I let go” “My food nourishes my body and mind”.

Every day, we experience a wide range of emotions based on external events, past memories, current situations, and various circumstances. It is essential for us to recognize our emotional limitations and boundaries in order to protect our mental well-being. One of the most important things we can do is to let go and trust the Supreme, the Divine, as not everything is within our control.

Self-reflection is crucial for restoring our emotional balance. Engaging in daily activities such as meditation, yoga, chanting, and appreciating the small joys in life holds great significance in achieving mental equilibrium. Finally, staying grateful and expressing our thankfulness for this journey of life is truly fulfilling.

Thanks for reading.

Peace and love 🙏

Wordless Wednesday 🍃

Peace and love 🙏

10 facts to know about our body’s ph equation 🙌

1.“ph” measures hydrogen ions in any solution. Generally, the ph scale range is between 0 -14, where 0 is highly acidic,14 is highly alkaline and neutral is 7. Our human body’s ph, usually maintained between the range of 6.8 to 7.4. The normal ph of blood is maintained around 7.4, being slightly alkaline as the blood has to nourish the entire organ system.

2. Amongst all the organs, the kidneys are the main ph balancer. Other organs like the lungs, lymphatic system, intestines, and liver help as a support system in the overall ph balance. The factors like the diet, liquid drinks, environment, exercises, stress levels, and breathing pattern can all have an impact on the ph levels. When the body’s ph becomes too acidic, all the tissues, including bones, muscles suffer. To restore the ph balance, the blood needs to pull out calcium, magnesium, potassium and water and neutralise the excess acid.

3. The body’s ph imbalance can lead to stored excess acid in tissue, which can cause inflammation and lead to many chronic diseases. Therefore, research has shown that an underlying ph imbalance is responsible for various diseases like:

• high blood pressure, high cholesterol, heart attacks, and cardiovascular diseases

• Arthritis, Osteoporosis

• Hormonal imbalance

• Respiratory ailments like sinusitis, bronchitis, breathing issues, and chronic infections

• Allergies

• Kidney diseases

• Autoimmune diseases

• Stroke

• Dementia, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, depression

• Diabetes

• Cancers

• Tooth decays

Sugary and fried foods

4.Risk factors for the body’s ph imbalance are plenty. But the most important factors are:

• Acidic diet like sugary food, high trans fats, refined and processed food, fried food, alcohol, meat and dairy.

• Toxins that are consumed in food in the form of pesticides, chemicals in food additives, heavy metals, beauty products, cleaning agents, and environmental and industrial pollutants.

• Being in stress state causes the body to secrete stress hormones, which causes acidity and inflammation.

• Wrong breathing pattern like shallow and rapid breathing can cause inadequate intake of oxygen which leaves the blood ph to remain acidic instead of being alkaline.

Constant high stress can cause acidosis and inflammation.

5. The causes of ph balance can differ depending upon underlying conditions or simple factors like extreme heat, high stress, heavy exercise or high elevation. Some of the causes can be listed as:

• High altitude, lack of oxygen

• Heavy and excessive exercises

• Alcohol overuse

• Ceratin medication, aspirin poisoning, sedatives

• dehydration

• seizure

• low blood sugar

• lung diseases, chest injuries, abnormalities

• cancers

• sleep apnea

Dehydration can cause ph imbalance

6. Since food is the most important factor to maintain the body’s ph balance, it is necessary to avoid certain food items:• Sugary and acidic food when consumed creates a perfect flora in the gut for overgrowth of bad bacteria, yeast, fungi which causes diseases and infections.

• Food additives like artificial colours, preservatives, chemicals not only increases the acidity but also causes toxicity in the tissues.

• Unhealthy fats like trans fat, highly saturated fat cause an acidic medium.

• Animal products like meat, dairy, processed meat and dairy are highly acidic to the body. So, it is important to cut down the consumption or switch to organic and grass fed options.

• Alcohol and caffeine consumption also cause acidic ph, so the consumption of such food should be avoided or reduced to a minimum.

• Toxins such as chemicals, pesticides, preservatives, antibiotics in meat, vegetables, fruits should be avoided. Locally grown, organic food like meat, eggs, fish and grass-fed dairy, meat, should be used as much as possible.

Alkaline foods

7. Intake of alkaline food in diet should be increased by about 70%. All vegetables like avocado, greens, sprouts, onion, beet, tomatoes, root veggies, coconut, lemon are alkalizing to the body. Legumes, olive oil, buckwheat, quinoa and using plant based milk like almond milk can reduce acidity in the body. Instead of fried or processed items, switching to raw or healthier option of cooking can reduce acidity in the body.

8. But having only alkalizing food is not healthier either. Acidic foods are also essential for the body. Fruits, when eaten raw and fresh, can be acidic to the body, but they are rich in fibres, vitamins and antioxidants, which are very essential for the body. Grains like brown rice, wild rice, millet, and oats are acidic but are rich in nutrients, so they should be consumed, but in moderation. Cold-pressed oils, nuts, seeds, honey, and maple syrup can be consumed in small quantities and can be included as part of a healthy diet.

Musculoskeletal spasms

9. The ph imbalance can be in the form of both acidosis and alkalosis.

Acidosis is when the body is unable to remove the excess acid through airway, blood, sweat or urine. Types of acidosis can be : Metabolic acidosis (diabetic acidosis), renal acidosis, respiratory acidosis, lactic acidosis.

Symptoms of acidosis are fatigue, confusion, vomiting, nausea, and sleepiness.

Alkalosis is mainly: Metabolic alkalosis, when bicarbonate is too much in the body.

Respiratory alkalosis occurs when carbon dioxide is deficient in the blood.

Symptoms of alkalosis are heart palpitations, fatigue, nausea, headache, and muscular spasms.

Medical assistance

10. It is important to visit a medical facility when there is a ph imbalance. It is diagnosed by metabolic panel analysis, blood gas, urine ph, urinalysis, and glucose test. Treatment is based on underlying conditions and is mainly symptomatic. Like in dehydration with electrolyte solutions, changing medication in case of diabetics, COPD, using a ventilator in breathing issues and so on. Often, treating the underlying condition, the ph is restored and maintained.

Thanks for reading.

Peace and love 🙏

8 facts: Broken Heart Syndrome 💔

1.Broken heart Syndrome is a temporary heart condition known as Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, as it was first described in Japan in 1990. This condition of the heart weakens the left ventricular muscles, making blood pumping difficult. The condition is associated with a severe emotional episode, extreme physical stress, loss of a loved one, sudden illness, or a serious accident.

2.Broken heart syndrome symptoms may mimic the classic symptoms of a heart attack like pain in the chest, severe pressure or heaviness in the chest, shortness of breath, fatigue and cold sweats. Pathologically, there is no actual blockage in the coronary arteries. Research shows that extreme emotional, and traumatic stress, the rise of catecholamines and stress hormones like adrenaline causes the heart muscles or the coronary arteries to stun the heart temporarily, preventing the left ventricle from pumping blood effectively.

Ballooning of left ventricle

3. Studies show about 90% of the cases are women and many of them recover without any long-term damage. The exact cause is still not known. But the common causes which are found to be:

• Sudden loss of a loved one.

• Severe physical pain.

• Sudden illness.

• Domestic violence.

• Serious accident.

• Huge financial loss.

• Intense fear.

4. Though physical symptoms and ECG changes like ST segment elevation can misdiagnose a heart attack, other imaging studies are required to rule out a heart attack. The most common diagnosis of Broken heart syndrome is no evidence of blockages in coronary arteries which on the other hand, is a classical sign of a heart attack. In the echocardiogram, there is a bulging of the lower part of the left ventricle seen in Broken heart syndrome, which resembles a tako-tsubo (a Japanese octopus trap pot), hence the name is derived. This is quite a confirmatory sign of Broken heart syndrome or Takotsubo cardiomyopathy.

5. To sum up the differences between Broken heart syndrome and heart attack are:

• The angiogram shows no signs of blockage of coronary arteries.

• Blood work, especially enzyme levels shows no sign of heart damage.

• An echocardiogram shows abnormal bulging or ballooning of the lower part of the left venticle so, also known as Balloning heart syndrome.

• Recovery is faster within days to a couple of weeks.

6. Broken heart syndrome is not usually fatal, and under treatment and observation, the individual recovers within weeks to a month. The prognosis is good and there is also less risk of such episodes in future. But in rare cases, it may become fatal causing severe short-term heart muscle failure. Research continues to learn more about the diagnosis and treatment of cases of Broken heart syndrome.

7. There is no standard treatment for Broken heart syndrome and is mainly individual-specific. Medication is required to reduce the stress on the heart muscles. Medications like Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE), Beta-blockers, diuretics, and blood thinners are used to heal the heart muscles and prevent further episodes. Complete recovery is likely within a month or so.In addition to this, management of stress is also required to prevent such episodes in future.Regular follow-ups are required for the individual.

8. Broken heart syndrome or Takotsubo syndrome has been researched to have certain general pre-disposing risk factors like smoking, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, pulmonary diseases, malignancies, neurological diseases and psychological disorders. Evidence also shows higher prevalences in females compared to males. Although routine checkups, ECG, blood work and echocardiograms are necessary at regular intervals, it is important to work on stress factors like meditation, yoga, deep breathing and mindfulness techniques.

Thanks for reading.

Peace and love 🙏

Taming the monkey mind….5 facts 🙌

‘Monkey mind’, yes, that’s what the Buddhists called our wondering mind. The more you try to control, the more it wanders. This is the nature of the human mind. It can never remain still. During the day, whenever, we try to be still, the mind races ahead to the future or returns to the past in some old memories. Our mind is always thinking of something or another. Distractions like tasks, jobs, people around, day-to-day stress, entertainment, and social media, all add up to the flickering nature of the mind. Therefore, let’s explore why our mind behaves this way and how we can try to control it, if at all, it’s possible:


1.A wandering mind is quite a normal behaviour and characteristic in nature. The attention shift of the mind from one thought to another is involuntary before even we notice it. In a monotonous daily activity of a boring nature, like studying, in the classroom in case of a student, or doing daily chores, it can happen voluntarily.

2.Studies show that the mind wonders mainly for two reasons: Either the work or activity, we have been doing is not engaging and monotonous and another reason can be that facing obstacles or hard task causes worry and anxiousness.
Sometimes, Scientists, link the wandering nature to creativity, explorative and intuitive mind. However, this becomes problematic. In those times, when we are supposed to be working, we lose focus and attention or think in bed when we are supposed to sleep. Oftentimes, the mind is either daydreaming, imagining things, anxious thoughts worrying about the future or replaying some old memories, stuck in some emotional thoughts.

3.What can be the possible causes of a wondering mind?
*Anxiousness and worrying mind.
*Boring and repetitive activities.
*External distractions like our mobile phones and other gadgets, people around, noises, social media.
*Internal distractions like stress, anger, hurt, sadness. Physical discomfort like fatigue, pain, hunger.
*People with attention deficit disorder have a hyperactive mind.

4.Self-awareness: How can I realise that I have a wondering mind?
Firstly, being aware of your own mental state. Most of the time, if you find yourself, overthinking, worrying, and ruminating thoughts.

Your mind is often, exhausted, being engaged in unproductive thoughts, unable to find solutions to problems or losing your spontaneous problem-solving ability.

Being self-aware, in such a state of mind, can help us to bring about change in our mental state.


5.Taming a wondering mind can be a very difficult task. But, with practice and consistency, everything is possible.

a)Meditation is an effective tool. Again, meditation is’nt easy. Perhaps, sitting still in a quiet place, trying to focus the mind is a hardest task. Focusing on breathing is a commonest method. Other methods can be, focusing or imagining an object like sun, moon, or the ocean. Using a guided mediation or listening to nature sounds, chanting of mantras can be effective.


b)Journaling is a powerful tool to clear the mind. Noting down daily thoughts, thoughts related to job, loved ones, family, future goals, holiday plans, emotional pain, feelings of old memories can be very useful to clear the mind clutter. Writing down can self-help to acknowledge the bothering thoughts and refocus the mind to concentrate on the task at hand.


c)Physical activity like going for a walk, physical movement of the body, legs and hands, watering your balcony plants, spending time in nature, light exercises can be very helpful to reset the mind. Playing an instrument, or listening to a music piece can be rejuvenating to refocus the mind too.

d)Sleep and adequate rest are necessary to clear the mind clutter. Getting a proper goodnight sleep and following a daily sleep routine is mandatory. Making a conscious effort to keep away from our mobile phones, social media distractions, caffeine free, emotional disturbing thoughts, 2-3 hours prior going to bed, can give an adequate sleep.

Thanks for reading.

Peace and love 🙏

Wordless Wednesday 🙌

Greens

Peace and love 🙏

5 facts to know about goosebumps 😨

  1. What are goosebumps? It may sound weird as though it is related to geese. But there is nothing to do with geese. Actually, it is a sympathetic nervous system reaction where the tiny muscles (arrector pilli muscles) flex the skin causing the hair follicles to stand. In medical terms, it is called horripilation or piloreaction. It is a fight or flight response to the body’s reaction to the state of fear or excitement. It is a physiological response of the body and not, usually a medical issue.
  2. The arrector pilli muscles (APM) are tiny muscles that connect the hair follicles with the skin. Goosebumps occur when these muscles flex and pull the hair follicles upright. Normally in an individual, when goosebumps appear, it can be either in response to cold temperature, fear or a strong emotional reaction. Sometimes, it can be related to medical issues like brain disorders, epilepsy, and keratosis pilloris, a skin disorder.

3.Goosebumps are associated with other symptoms in different situations and medical-related conditions.
For the case of :
*Hypothermia, Cold temperature, along with goosebumps, you may experience shivers, pale skin and the urge to be in a warm place.


*Strong emotional responses like fear, nervousness, excitement, sexual desire, and thrilling response: The body reacts with goosebumps, fasting heart rate, fast breathing, tears, and chill.

*In case of an epileptic seizure, along with goosebumps, there can be other symptoms like a confused state, lips smacking, swallowing, and finger motions. In the case of skin conditions like keratosis pilloris, there may be skin patches.


4.Adrenaline: It is this hormone which the body releases from adrenal glands during a fight or flight response which causes goosebumps. Intense emotional responses cause the body to release adrenaline which in turn stimulates the flexing of the tiny muscles of the hair follicles and causes the skin hair to erect. Often people get goosebumps while watching a horror movie, in nervousness, experiencing stressful events.
Dopamine, another chemical which the brain releases while experiencing pleasurable experiences like listening to a good piece of music, receiving rewards, surprises or awe moments, can cause goosebumps too.


5.Rigor mortis: When a person dies, the ATP, adenosine triphosphate which provides energy to muscles and cells suddenly stops, so the cells die and muscles are stiffened causing rigor mortis. As a result, the arrector pili muscles of the dermis are stiffened too, causing the skin to trigger goosebumps.

Thanks for reading.

Peace and love 🙏

Sunday musings 🙌

Happy Sunday everyone!

Thanks for reading.

Peace and love 🙏